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Low and Medium Carbon Alcohol Fueled Dual-Fuel Compression Ignition Engine

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Alcohol as an Alternative Fuel for Internal Combustion Engines

Part of the book series: Energy, Environment, and Sustainability ((ENENSU))

Abstract

Dual-fuel operation in CI-engine is an emerging strategy to improve engine efficiency along with the simultaneous in-cylinder reduction of NOx and PM emissions. In dual-fuel operation, low-reactivity fuel (such as methanol, ethanol) and high-reactivity fuel (such as diesel) are used in the same engine cycle. This chapter presents a detailed analysis of performance, combustion, and emission characteristics of low and medium carbon alcohol–diesel fueled dual-fuel CI-engine. This chapter also briefly explains the production of alcohol fuel and the benefits of their inimitable properties. The influence of engine operating parameters on the heat release rate, combustion duration, and cyclic combustion variations has been discussed in this chapter. Additionally, the effect of the operating parameters on CO, unburnt hydrocarbon, NOx, soot, particle emissions, and unregulated emissions is also presented. Results depict that with an increase in engine load, the combustion characteristics changed from partial burn to misfire to proper combustion and to knocking (at full engine load). The dual-fuel operation has higher HC, CO, HCHO, CH3OH, HCOOH, C6H6, 1,3-C4H6, and C7H8 emissions, whereas NOx and soot emissions are lower than conventional diesel operation.

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Abbreviations

CI:

Compression ignition

SI:

Spark ignition

PFI:

Port fuel injection

TDC:

Top dead center

bTDC:

Before top dead center

aTDC:

After top dead center

SOC:

Start of combustion

EGR:

Exhaust gas temperature

CAD:

Crank angle degree

HRR:

Heat release rate

PPRR/MPRR:

Peak/maximum pressure rise rate

MGT:

Mean gas temperature

ITE:

Indicated thermal efficiency

BTE:

Brake thermal efficiency

BSFC:

Brake-specific fuel consumption

DME:

Dimethyl ether

CO2:

Carbon dioxide

NOx:

Oxides of nitrogen

CO:

Carbon monoxide

CA50:

Combustion phasing corresponding to 50% heat release

HC:

Hydrocarbon

PSD:

Particle size distribution

AMP:

Accumulation mode particle

NMP:

Nucleation mode particle

CNG:

Compressed natural gas

UV–VIS:

Ultraviolet visible

HCHO:

Formaldehyde

CH3OH:

Unburned methanol

HCOOH:

Formic acid

C6H6:

Benzene

1,3-C4H6:

1,3-Butadiene

C7H8:

Toluene

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, 140001, India

    Mohit Raj Saxena & Rakesh Kumar Maurya

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  1. Mohit Raj Saxena
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  2. Rakesh Kumar Maurya
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Correspondence to Rakesh Kumar Maurya .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bhilai, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India

    Pravesh Chandra Shukla

  2. PUNCH Torino S.p.A., Turin, Italy

    Giacomo Belgiorno

  3. Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie per l’Energia e la Mobilità Sostenibili (STEMS), Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche, Napoli, Italy

    Gabriele Di Blasio

  4. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Avinash Kumar Agarwal

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Saxena, M.R., Maurya, R.K. (2021). Low and Medium Carbon Alcohol Fueled Dual-Fuel Compression Ignition Engine. In: Shukla, P.C., Belgiorno, G., Di Blasio, G., Agarwal, A.K. (eds) Alcohol as an Alternative Fuel for Internal Combustion Engines . Energy, Environment, and Sustainability. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0931-2_12

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